May 24, 2016
In expectation of parliament elections, Croatian financial market and its participants experienced a dynamic end of 2015 with the latest amendments to the Consumer Lending Act and the Credit Institutions Act. The amendments introduced a legal framework for forced conversion of loans denominated in CHF („CHF Loans“) and loans denominated in HRK and indexed to…
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May 3, 2016
Crowdfunding, an alternative means of financing for individual projects and companies, has become an increasingly popular concept in recent years. It emerged in response to the financial crisis of 2007–08, but didn’t officially appear in Lebanon until 2013 with the launching of Zoomaal and has grown throughout the surrounding region. Fundamentally, financing through crowdfunding relies…
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March 7, 2016
Project finance principles “The equity investment is ‘first in, last out’—that is, in principle any losses that the project suffers are borne first by the investors, and lenders begin to suffer only if the equity investment is lost“, Edward Farquharson, How to Engage with the Private Sector in Public-Private Partnerships in Emerging Markets, p. 53.…
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February 3, 2016
Introduction New Zealand is predominately a dual island state located in the South Pacific. During the 1980s, New Zealand underwent changes within its economic market structure. The result is a deregulated and decentralised economy engaging in international partnerships and most favoured nation agreements. Diminished import controls and subsidies establish New Zealand as a competitive international…
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January 19, 2016
Introduction Regional trade is important in stimulating economies of regional block countries through free trade agreements.[1] The history of cooperation in East Africa can be traced to 1917 when the British colonies of Kenya and Uganda were first joined into a Customs Union (CU) and later the defunct East African Community (EAC) in 1967 which…
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